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Programme: BEST 2.0

NERESIS: Conservation of the Fairy Tern

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Description: New Caledonia, known for exceptional biodiversity, faced conservation concerns due to unique species concentration and threats. The Fairy Tern project aimed to counter invasive rodents and human disturbances, striving to enhance nesting conditions and species viability. Strategies were implemented, refining protocols, tools, and monitoring while addressing reproduction challenges, including community engagement and a sanctuary establishment at a key breeding site. Actions also included investigating additional predation, all to deepen ecological insights into Fairy Terns. Community involvement and cultural significance were focal points. Initiatives involved strengthening naturalist monitoring, volunteer training, and reinforcing environmental protection measures. Continuous communication played a pivotal role in encouraging broader community participation, showcasing the importance of sustained outreach for successful conservation efforts.

Duration: 12 months

Necessity of safeguarding the terrestrial environment of Rapa

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Description: The project was initiated to safeguard Rapa’s terrestrial ecosystem by controlling invasive species and addressing natural forest degradation. The approach involved implementing biosecurity measures against black rats, safeguarding key forest zones, expanding grazing-excluded areas, and eradicating invasive plants like guava and pine, while also empowering Rapa’s inhabitants to actively preserve their environment. Significant efforts were made, including training 2 employees and 1 volunteer in biosecurity and conducting 3 workshops, leading to enhanced local capabilities in ecosystem conservation. Noteworthy outcomes encompass achieving a rat-free status on the island for 6 months, establishing a crisis committee for rapid responses, outlining a contingency plan, identifying nine vital forest areas, fencing 0.87 hectares against grazers, removing 80% of invasive plants, and refurbishing a plant nursery for forest restoration. These combined actions aimed to reverse forest deterioration and reinforce sustainable conservation practices for Rapa’s terrestrial ecosystem.

Duration: 12 months

Strengthening the participative and integrated management of the UNESCO property in Touho

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Description: The project in Touho municipality aimed to protect biodiversity and ecosystem resilience against climate change effects. Initial field studies, post-UNESCO recognition in 2008, updated knowledge of the ecosystem, identifying mangrove species and degraded areas for restoration while ensuring cohesive ecological actions. The vulnerable mangrove ecosystem, sensitive to human activities and climate change, played a crucial role as a buffer zone and filter for the lagoon. Activities included establishing nurseries, planting, community awareness campaigns, specialised training, field surveys, and continuous mangrove growth monitoring. The project significantly contributed to preserving Touho’s UNESCO heritage and training Hô-üt members in species identification and planting techniques. Observations during planting allowed the identification of adaptable species despite varied environmental conditions, successfully meeting the training objectives of the Hô-üt association members.

Duration: 12 months

Securing pockets of paradise in the Caribbean: Building capacity for invasive alien species management within UKOT-based organisations

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Description: The core aim of the project was to reinforce the management capacity for invasive alien species (IAS) in 4 territories by implementing targeted public awareness campaigns, fostering regional cooperation, and delivering training on IAS management approaches within 4 key biodiversity areas (KBAs) while developing specific national protocols for the British Virgin Islands (BVI) and Montserrat. This encompassed inter-territory and inter-regional experience sharing, coupled with practical actions against invasive species. Noteworthy, was a significant cross-UKOT workshop on vegetation monitoring, conducted during the project’s second year, engaging representatives from Anguilla, Cayman, Montserrat, and the BVI. RBG-Kew’s support significantly enhanced Montserrat’s Department of Environment’s vegetation monitoring capacity. The project’s impact extended to acquiring new data, analysing oceanic ecosystem biodiversity, and promoting biodiversity awareness among younger generations, although adverse weather conditions hindered expected sample collection during scientific cruises and seabird tagging, substantial progress was made in scientific data acquisition.

Duration: 36 months

Enacting a new regional recovery plan for the Lesser Antillean iguana: An endangered ecological keystone species

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Description: The project targeted the conservation of the Lesser Antillean iguana through the establishment of a sub-regional recovery framework. It aimed to enhance population data, reintroduce the iguana in Anguilla, implement bio-security measures, and increase awareness. Utilising national policies, biodiversity strategies, and scientific data, it ensured sustainable management within Key Biodiversity Areas across 3 island territories. Educational programmes facilitated species differentiation for the public and officials. Conservation agencies enforced legal protections through reintroductions, habitat restoration, and awareness campaigns. Collaboration among islands maximised shared experiences and networks, garnering global interest for a sub-regional action planning workshop. This comprehensive effort, drawing upon varied expertise and experiences, significantly contributed to the species’ conservation in the region.

Duration: 21 months

Understanding the East Caicos KBA’s corals and coast: A key to safeguarding TCI’s future

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Description: The project focused on enhancing East Caicos’ coral reef ecosystems’ climate change resilience through strategies that improved long-term conservation and sustainable utilisation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Collaborative workshops involving the Turks and Caicos Islands Department of Environment and Coastal Resources (DECR) and local stakeholders led to the establishment of conservation zones, determined through multi-criteria evaluations. Post-project, regular monitoring protocols were devised in conjunction with DECR and disseminated through diverse media channels. Addressing management and monitoring deficiencies, the initiative developed recommended conservation zones and protocols, strengthening coral reef resilience against climate change. It involved comprehensive steps such as GIS mapping, qualitative and quantitative field studies, stakeholder workshops, and specialised training sessions. Accomplishments also encompassed the creation of 16 permanent reef monitoring sites and 5 patch reef monitoring sites, covering an area of 78 km2. Ongoing monitoring every two years ensures continued progress and adaptive management. Furthermore, the project facilitated staff training in GIS mapping and provided reef monitoring expertise to 10 individuals through specialised workshops.

Duration: 12 months

Pop-up nursery and coral restoration

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Description: The project aimed to restore Elkhorn coral populations within a low-biodiversity area of the Bonaire National Marine Park (BNMP). Using a “pop-up” coral nursery, 700 corals from 14 genotypes were propagated within eight months for subsequent transplantation. A 500 m2 restoration site was monitored employing advanced 3D modelling technology, allowing non-intrusive assessments of coral growth, abundance, and health. Data and protocols were shared with the BNMP and Caribbean coral restoration projects to establish standardised monitoring methods. Elkhorn and Staghorn corals, once pivotal in constructing Atlantic/Caribbean reef structures, experienced steep declines due to diseases, climate stressors, and local factors, resulting in their Critically Endangered status. Project phases involved site selection, coral collection, nursery rearing, on-site transplantation, and comprehensive data collection. Public engagement included press releases, social media dissemination, and an informational video. Participation in “Reef Futures 2018” elevated project visibility. The out-planting of 769 genetically diverse colonies bolstered Elkhorn corals within the BNMP, potentially aiding future larval dispersal to rejuvenate nearby damaged reefs.

Duration: 12 months

Evaluating the effectiveness of lionfish traps in preserving biodiversity through the management of invasive populations

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Description: The project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel lionfish trap design, developed by the U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), within lionfish hotspots in Bermuda. Through comprehensive surveys assessing fish community composition and lionfish density, it compared the trap’s efficiency with previous removal methods conducted by technical divers (BEST 2.0 project, 2016). Results were intended to inform resource managers about the most efficient approach for biodiversity preservation and establishing a cost-effective supply chain for lionfish in markets. The invasive lionfish, Pterois volitans and P. miles posed significant threats to native species in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic, impacting reef health, fisheries, tourism, and public health. The project objectives included establishing baseline reef fish biodiversity responses to removal efforts, determining optimal trap catch rates and soak times, and disseminating findings to stakeholders. Initial collaboration challenges with commercial fishermen were overcome, leading to cooperative efforts in deploying scientific equipment on their traps and sharing lionfish catch data within their finding areas. Despite lower-than-expected lionfish catches during the study, government support for lionfish-specific traps persists, considering the minimal by-catch associated with the non-containment trap design, especially following Bermuda’s ban on fish traps (pots) in 1990.

Duration: 16 months

Where are they right now? Right whales in the South Georgia marine ecosystem

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Description: The project centred on evaluating South Georgia’s right whales within the SGSSI marine protected area and the Antarctic krill fishery. Its focus encompassed summer baseline surveys to scrutinise prey sources, habitat utilisation relative to krill fishing, genetic diversity, population connectivity, and health status assessment. Leveraging satellite, acoustic, and oceanographic data, it pinpointed critical whale habitats and foraging patterns. These findings served to inform reviews of the SGSSI MPA, contributed to CCAMLR discussions on krill fishery management, and explored migratory connections with calving areas off Argentina and Brazil. Capacity-building initiatives involved engagement with Antarctic tour operators and distribution of photo-ID placards in the industry. Although some goals faced limitations due to data constraints, notable achievements included confirming migration to South Atlantic calving grounds, establishing whales’ good condition, and amplifying species visibility among stakeholders and the wider public.

Duration: 24 months

Trails and interpretation improvements in the Peaks National Park, St Helena

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Description: St. Helena’s Peaks National Park recently underwent a major eco-tourism development project focused on enhancing trail facilities while preserving its fragile cloud forest ecosystem. This initiative involved installing 49.5m of boardwalks, 157m of stairs, 26m of handrails, and a hiking shelter, complemented by clearing overgrown trails spanning 8,000m. These improvements were constructed using high-quality materials to ensure durability, with regular maintenance incorporated for longevity. The primary goal was to facilitate safe visitor access while minimising disruption to the ecosystem. A concerted effort was made to raise awareness of conservation efforts through online articles, local newspapers, and a dedicated Nature Day event display. The upgrades not only provided safer access but also protected rare habitats and endemic plant species from disturbances, fostering a more immersive experience for visitors. Employing Fibergrate surfaces offered cost-effectiveness and extended lifespan compared to traditional wood. Overall, the project significantly improved trail infrastructure, amplifying eco-tourism and conservation initiatives in St Helena’s Peaks National Park, while safeguarding its delicate ecosystem.

Duration: 15 months

An ecological assessment of Ascension Island’s shallow-water seamounts

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Description: Ascension Island’s shallow-water seamounts were the subject of research aimed at advocating for their inclusion in a planned expansive pelagic Marine Protected Area (MPA). Employing novel telemetry and underwater video techniques, the project conducted the initial comprehensive ecological studies on these seamounts. It assessed their significance as aggregation areas for pelagic megafauna and determined the necessary reserve sizes to shield these species from the impacts of commercial fishing. The UK Government’s plan to establish the Ascension Island Ocean Sanctuary (ASIOS) by 2019 encompassed at least 50% of the Territory’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), highlighting the requirement for scientific support in its creation and management. The project characterised the spatial behaviours of seamount-associated sharks, tuna, and billfish, informing the designation of seamount MPAs for future integration into a larger MPA network. Collaboration with entities like National Geographic and universities facilitated skill development among local staff. The project’s ecological surveys presented a compelling scientific rationale for seamount protection within marine reserves to policymakers, adhering closely to its outlined timeline and objectives without significant setbacks, benefiting from a well-designed approach.

Duration: 21 months

Nurseries for nature: increasing capability at St Helena’s endemic nurseries

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Description: The St Helena project sought to strengthen the island’s conservation nurseries, focusing on six Critically Endangered species by expanding facilities and fostering collaborations among nursery teams. It addressed the challenge of limited native plant production for habitat restoration by enhancing propagation skills and upgrading nursery infrastructure. This initiative aimed to establish a production cycle for endangered species, facilitate knowledge exchange among South Atlantic plant producers, and raise local awareness about endemic species and conservation efforts. It significantly increased nursery capacity and expertise, introducing specialised equipment for sterile propagation, resulting in improved conditions for plant growth, disease control, and resilience, yielding more numerous and robust plants. This step proved crucial for establishing genetically diverse and resilient native plant restoration areas. Despite challenges like procurement delays due to the island’s remoteness, strong participation from partners and stakeholders contributed to the project’s success, ensuring a tangible legacy of enhanced facilities and increased plant resilience in St Helena’s conservation efforts.

Duration: 12 months

Forest Restoration and Improved Biosecurity on Nightingale Island

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard the Wilkin’s bunting by restoring its Phylica woodland habitat on Nightingale Island and implementing a biosecurity protocol to prevent the arrival of invasive species. Key objectives included assessing the bird’s population, mapping its territory, and planting Phylica trees for habitat restoration. The initiative also focused on developing visitor biosecurity and monitoring protocols, aiming to prevent non-native species’ introduction by human traffic between islands. This effort enhanced knowledge about threatened finch, expanded woodland areas, and fortified biosecurity measures. Results included mapping 187 bunting territories and conducting over 1,200 bird resightings. Habitat restoration involved planting 200 Phylica trees over 0.5 hectares, with an 80% survival rate after one year. Additionally, protocols for monitoring fungal infections, introduced insects and weed spread were successfully implemented, contributing to preserving the Wilkin’s bunting habitat and strengthening staff expertise.

Duration: 24 months

Restoration of Peak Dale’s St Helena gumwood forest

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Description: The project aimed to preserve Saint Helena’s critical gumwood forest at Peak Dale through tailored restoration techniques. Baseline surveys and mapping identified native planting zones and guided invasive species control and gumwood tree planting. Collaborating with stakeholders designed a comprehensive management plan. Actions encompassed boosting local expertise, coordinating volunteers, and creating a management blueprint. Surveys indicated stability in the gumwood population, with 3,465 hours of restoration work utilising enhanced resources. Invasive species spread decreased across 1,615m2 through specific protocols. Planting efforts included 1,700 gumwood trees, while 150m2 was made rabbit-proof and regularly baited. Community involvement saw 346 volunteer hours dedicated to restoration. The project significantly strengthened forest restoration capacity, curbed invasive species spread, and established sustainable management strategies for Saint Helena’s unique gumwood ecosystem at Peak Dale.

Duration: 22 months

Developing a site-based conservation approach for Sei whales (Balaenoptera borealis) at Berkeley Sound, Falkland Islands

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Description: The Sei whale conservation initiative aimed to deepen comprehension and safeguard Balaenoptera borealis by addressing key knowledge gaps. Situated in Berkley Sound, the project conducted visual and aerial surveys to document whale distribution and abundance. Through this, it produced comprehensive maps. Educational resources were designed to elevate public awareness regarding the whales’ socio-economic significance in the Falklands while offering guidance for maritime users, particularly whale-watching operators. Scientific reports detailed human-induced impacts on Sei whales, accompanied by a Code of Conduct designed to mitigate these effects, collaboratively shared with the Falkland Islands Government’s Environmental Planning Department and local stakeholders. The project significantly expanded local capacity by training 38 individuals in various survey, identification, and monitoring techniques. Its outcomes provided crucial tools for informed decision-making and future conservation strategies.

Duration: 13.5 months

SEECTOR – Significant Ecological Areas for Pelagic Species and Conservation Challenge in the Southern Indian Ocean

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Description: The SEECTOR project was designed to enhance comprehension and conservation efforts of Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems amidst projected climate shifts. Employing acoustic measurements, zooplankton sampling, and animal tagging, it delineated critical habitats and predator interactions within the South Indian Ocean, refining hotspot zoning to prevent conflicts with other activities. These findings facilitated the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) in Crozet and Kerguelen Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and international waters while proposing strategies to mitigate anthropogenic and climate-induced pressures. This initiative addressed gaps in understanding regarding the pelagic habitats of mid-trophic organisms and their trophic interactions with top predators, particularly pertinent in the face of climate change. Achievements encompassed the delineation of pelagic MPAs, the proposal of hotspots, and the mitigation of environmental pressures, concurrently fostering a strengthened partnership with the Natural Reserve and the establishment of a centre of excellence for open ocean ecological research. Ultimately, SEECTOR significantly advanced insights into the dynamics of pelagic ecosystems, a critical departure from the more static coastal areas.

Duration: 16 months

ITAGED – Conservation of threatened top marine predators of the French Southern Territories: Identifying Threats And Getting Essential Data

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Description: The project, dedicated to the French Southern and Antarctic Lands (TAAF), extensively studied 4 endangered seabird species at Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands. It involved thorough investigations to delineate crucial marine habitats and their interaction with fisheries, creating predictive models for shifts in foraging locations amid diverse climate scenarios. Comprehensive analyses of tracking data during pivotal biological stages were conducted, aiding in the identification of marine Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (mIBAs) essential for conservation efforts. This collaborative venture between CEBC and BirdLife strengthened innovative methodologies and enhanced staff capabilities. Findings revealed that significant foraging zones extended beyond the former reserve, warranting extension to the limits of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Notably, these zones exhibited substantial overlap, ranging from 5 to 50%, with deep-sea line fishing. While published maps and analyses were available, the development of a predictive model for diverse climate scenarios remained ongoing. The project significantly contributed valuable insights for informed marine conservation and management strategies in the region.

Duration: 12 months

Sustainable fishing in the Arctic: Can the harvest of Greenland’s biggest export be compatible with the conservation of benthic ecosystems?

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Description: The project was dedicated to assessing the influence of climate change and trawling activities on West Greenland’s seabed to promote sustainable marine resource management. Employing photographic surveys, it systematically documented the structure, function, and changes in benthic communities over 40 years, elucidating the impacts of over three decades of trawling and climate alterations on the continental shelf. Predictive modelling was employed to project future changes and potential recovery scenarios of affected benthic ecosystems within the prevailing impact regime. These findings, openly accessible, informed the formulation and evaluation of comprehensive management strategies for the sustainable utilisation of marine fishermen, industry stakeholders, and the public, emphasising the conservation significance of Greenland’s benthic habitats. Collaborative efforts with academic institutions and research bodies facilitated the creation of educational materials and innovative survey techniques, contributing substantially to the establishment of new protected areas in Melville Bay and advancing the project’s overarching goals.

Duration: 24 months

Determining the feeding areas used by the community of seabirds breeding on the island of Grand Columbier

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Description: The project aimed to advance understanding of the marine territories utilised by breeding seabirds on Grand Columbier for informed conservation strategies. Tracking adult Atlantic Puffins via miniaturised GPS devices elucidated critical marine areas during their breeding seasons, facilitating precise mapping of their feeding zones. These data-informed potential management measures were crucial for sustaining adequate food supplies vital to the breeding success of seabirds on Grand Columbier. This initiative significantly contributed to ongoing conservation efforts in St Pierre and Miquelon, backed by governmental support. Noteworthy achievements included identifying key marine territories used by seabirds, particularly Leach’s storm petrels and Atlantic Puffins, through the deployment of GPS trackers and subsequent data analysis. This process allowed the delineation of specific food-searching routes and foraging areas. Moreover, the project strengthened local expertise in fieldwork techniques, bird handling, and biometric measurements. Collaboration with relevant authorities and stakeholders effectively raised the investigation of Leach’s storm petrel colonies, marking a significant milestone in local research efforts.

Duration: 15 months

CORCOPA – Optimising Conservation of Europa’s Coral Reefs by Eco-Acoustics

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Description: The project focused on enhancing TAAF’s coral ecosystem management in the Scattered Islands by implementing an innovative eco-acoustic monitoring system designed specifically for Europa’s isolated and evolving ecosystems. This pioneering tool passively recorded coral reef soundscapes alongside visual assessments to assess their condition. An autonomous underwater station was installed for continuous monitoring, aiding in Europa Island’s management strategies. Positioned within the Indian Ocean’s biodiversity hub, Europa’s relatively untouched reefs held global heritage significance and potential for restoring nearby impacted reefs. The initiative established links between acoustic indicators and ecosystem functions, contributed to the Europa RAMSAR management plan, and facilitated effective communication and result dissemination. The recorded data strengthened TAAF’s adaptability to biological rhythms and disturbances, essential for proactive management measures. The CORCOPA project successfully equipped TAAF with a robust monitoring tool, securing the future of Europa’s reefs. It underscored the efficacy of acoustic monitoring, particularly in remote locations like Europa Island, showcasing its potential in monitoring coral ecosystems.

Duration: 16 months

PRODVEGEUR – Development of an autonomous plant production unit for the restoration of habitats and the biological reinforcement of populations of plant species on the island of Europa

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Description: The project aimed to strengthen Europa Island’s ecological restoration under TAAF’s purview by advancing native species propagation techniques. Initiatives included establishing a plant production unit, harvesting native plant seeds, eliminating invasive species, and instituting an educational centre, essential to preserving the islands’ biodiversity – comprising 94 taxa, including 47 indigenous species – amidst challenging environmental conditions. Noteworthy achievements involved setting up a 100m2 plant production unit, capable of annually yielding 3,000 plants, and training 6 TAAF personnel intensively over two days in native plant propagation techniques. Evaluations focused on the successful removal of exotic plants near the TAAF station, although the project encountered financial and administrative hurdles due to initial team transitions and insufficient funding, which affected its smooth progression. Recommendations for future projects include enhancing financial planning by sourcing multiple quotes and engaging specialised administrative support to navigate such challenges effectively. Despite technical and scientific successes, addressing administrative and financial complexities remains pivotal for future initiatives in ecological restoration within the TAAF jurisdiction.

Duration: 12 months

DyCIT – The Dynamic and Conservation of the Island of Tromelin

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Description: The Tromelin Island project conducted post-eradication of rats in 2005, focused on assessing ecosystem dynamics. Its primary objectives encompassed evaluating changes in seabirds, vegetation, and the impact of introduced mice on biodiversity. It investigated evolutionary patterns in these components and analysed the repercussions of the mice, contemplating eradication strategies. Through meticulous monitoring of biological indicators, the project sought comprehensive insights into inter-component interactions for refined island management strategies. Addressing the substantial threat of biological invasions, particularly introduced mammals, the project highlighted the vulnerability of island species to non-native predators due to a lack of evolutionary adaptations. Its comprehensive approach included investigating marine seabirds, vegetation, and grey mice, effectively managing and studying their interactions. Dissemination efforts, including presentations and the DyCIT project, enhanced regional understanding and capacity. Quantitative data generated by the project now supports effective island management, refining protocols for future initiatives and contributing significantly to the understanding and enhancement of island ecosystems.

Duration: 30 months

BIOT Environmental Interpretation and Education Project

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Description: The project aimed to mitigate risks to BIOT’s biodiversity from personnel and visitors by enhancing awareness and communication of conservation measures. Notably, a 250m snorkel trail and 0.6km forest trail on Diego Garcia were established, involving personnel input. Informational signboards, leaflets on invasive species prevention, and fishing restrictions in BIOT were installed and distributed. A film highlighting BIOT’s ecological significance was produced, encouraging conservation engagement. Results demonstrated a heightened understanding and appreciation of BIOT’s biodiversity among personnel, fostering involvement in conservation projects. Outcomes included increased participation in forest restoration, improved awareness leading to reduced unsustainable fishing practices due to updated regulations, and the elevation of a previously targeted species to ‘Threatened’ on the IUCN Red List. The engagement of 120 personnel in trail creation indicated positive impacts on pro-environmental behaviours, while increased reports of invasive species sightings reflected heightened vigilance. Diverse communication strategies, including films, brochures, leaflets, and signboards, effectively disseminated awareness and stimulated engagement in conservation endeavours.

Duration: 11 months

REPT’ILE – Terrestrial reptiles of the Scattered Islands

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Description: The project aimed to enhance terrestrial reptile conservation on the Glorioso Islands by assessing their status. This involved comprehensive desk-based research, data collection, field trips to Grande Glorieuse, île du Lys, and Roches Vertes, and subsequent GIS mapping of reptile species. This initiative resulted in the publication of a scientific paper, serving as a foundation for future management strategies. Activities encompassed reassessing reptile conservation, compiling data, and mapping species distributions, further strengthened by capacity-building initiatives and stakeholder partnerships. The outcomes included an updated reptile inventory, detailed distribution maps, identification of threats, and prioritisation measures. These findings significantly contributed to the Ramsar Europa 2018-2022 Management Plan by integrating proposed conservation strategies. Furthermore, a scientific article detailing the project’s discoveries was submitted to Herpetological Conservation and Biology for rigorous review, effectively augmenting the understanding of reptilian biodiversity on the Scattered Islands and aligning conservation efforts with established management plans.

Duration: 18 months

Promoting and enhancing the ecological and economic value of Anguilla’s marine parks: piloting the Little Bay Marine Park restoration project

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Description: The project aimed to enhance biodiversity and strengthen coral reef ecosystem resilience by deploying artificial lobster casitas within Anguilla’s Little Bay Marine Park (LBMP). These casitas served as sanctuaries for critical reef species, including lobsters, while supporting various marine life such as reef fish, sea turtles, and corals. Alongside habitat creation, the initiative focused on raising awareness about the significance of Anguilla’s nearshore ecosystems and offering alternative livelihoods, like eco-tourism, to local fishers. From 1993 to 2008, Anguilla’s Government established marine parks, including LBMP, to safeguard nearshore environments, positioning natural resource managers to address LBMP’s under-utilised status. Recent legislative amendments and a national management plan enabled effective conservation efforts, encompassing fishing restrictions and benthic habitat restoration to support species recovery. Achievements included the restoration of LBMP’s benthic habitat, promotion of alternative livelihoods, increased technical expertise in nearshore conservation, and heightened national awareness and support for sustainable benthic habitat use. Capacity-building exercises involved Anguilla National Trust (ANT) staff, the Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources (DFMR), volunteers, fishers, and eco-tourism providers. The project successfully enhanced LBMP’s shoreline habitat and set a blueprint for similar habitat restoration in Prickly Pear Marine Park, involving diverse stakeholders and fostering collaborative efforts.

Duration: 15 months

Best of sharks and rays in Saint-Barths

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Description: The project aimed to increase knowledge concerning sharks and rays in Saint-Barthélemy, informing conservation strategies. Employing Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV) and pioneering pelagic species observation techniques, it integrated fieldwork with surveys from fishermen and dive centres to assess socioeconomic roles. Stakeholder consultations were instrumental in shaping an adapted action plan and influencing existing regulations to protect these species. Communication efforts, including a documentary, were pivotal in raising awareness and fostering community involvement. In Saint-Barthélemy’s waters, 27 shark and 3 ray species were identified, with 26% classified as threatened and 44% as near-threatened, signifying the urgency of conservation efforts. The activities encompassed comprehensive field surveys, discerning human impacts, assessing economic roles, consulting international experts, conducting workshops with stakeholders, and presenting the action plan to the Territorial Environment Agency (ATE) Board of Directors. Outcomes included enhanced expertise among ATE agents, improved species identification in diving clubs, and the dissemination of shark and ray-friendly practices to fishermen. This pioneering initiative delineated the initial action plan for these species in the French West Indies, with potential applicability across Caribbean islands, ultimately increasing conservation and engaging diverse audiences.

Duration: 12 months

A nursery for endemics and key native species

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Description: The project’s objective was to establish a plant nursery to restore Montserrat’s dry forest by increasing endangered species populations and reintroducing them to specific areas. It encompassed propagating and replanting ecologically valuable species, involving local communities in a tree planting day, aiming to restore 10 hectares of threatened ecosystem. Construction of the nursery on MNT-owned land involved propagating target species, reintroducing seedlings, and raising public awareness. Equipped with reusable pots, trained workers employed drip irrigation methods. The lead, trained by Kew Gardens in orchid propagation, guided the project, while an expert from Trinidad trained 25 participants. The ‘wet box’ method was used for propagation. Achievements included propagating numerous endangered species, engaging communities in tree planting, and establishing a functional nursery with shade houses, water tanks, and a low-tech orchid lab. Over 1,400 native species were propagated, and a booklet featuring Montserrat’s native species for local landscaping was published.

Duration: 17 months

Improving the management of the invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans) by determining movement patterns and depth preference

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard coral reefs by refining management approaches for the invasive red lionfish. Extensive research delved into lionfish movement patterns – both spatially and temporally – to strengthen a national strategy while enhancing global efforts in mitigating lionfish impact and preserving biodiversity. Through year-long telemetry studies, lionfish movement, spanning horizontal and vertical dimensions, was meticulously tracked and analysed. This generated invaluable data sets and comprehensive maps, optimising the culling program via an updated, accessible database. Community empowerment initiatives facilitated knowledge dissemination, enhancing culling efficiency and involving over 3,300 students and numerous volunteers in diverse educational programs. Noteworthy results emerged: lionfish exhibited robust horizontal site fidelity, with 86% occasionally venturing to deep reefs (>40 m depth) before returning. Unexpectedly, natural predation contributed to 27 – 46% mortality, highlighting a positive aspect for future management strategies. Approximately 1,149 lionfish were captured during weekly culling sessions, underscoring the project’s contribution to ecosystem preservation and the refinement of national management approaches.

Duration: 18 months

Watershed & biodiversity conservation on Bonaire

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Description: The project’s goal was to safeguard the threatened dry forest ecosystem by creating an extensive protected area surrounding a high biodiversity site, focusing on the restoration of the Roi Sango Canyon landscape. This included reintroducing native plants and implementing fencing to deter damaging introduced herbivores. To enhance accessibility, a network of trails was established, featuring informative panels to raise public awareness about the area’s ecological value. Over the centuries, Bonaire’s dry forest habitat underwent significant changes due to historical tree felling and invasive herbivores, obstructing the regeneration of native plant species. Notably, the protected Roi Sango region successfully prevented the influx of introduced herbivores, developed accessible trails for local use, and facilitated the reintroduction of critical tree species. Collaborative efforts with local growers, such as Cocari, enriched their understanding of rare trees and local history, contributing to the development of interpretive signage. Engaging 120 children in tree-planting activities at Roi Sango fostered a sense of ownership and involvement, marking the project’s initial strides toward revitalizing the dry forest watershed.

Duration: 18 months

Capacity building and increased financing for long-term monitoring programmes for coral reefs in the Turks and Caicos Islands

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Description: The project aimed to fortify the governmental capacity in managing coral reefs in TCI, grounded in scientific knowledge for informed decision-making and resource investment. It encompassed a comprehensive coral reef monitoring course, imparting scientific survey techniques and knowledge crucial for effective monitoring programmes and robust coral reef management. An additional objective was the identification of sustainable revenue streams and environmental indicators to gauge the ‘return on investment’ in coral monitoring. Noteworthy actions involved strategic meetings with stakeholders for long-term financing, preparation and execution of training and field courses, certification of 15 participants as AGRRA surveyors, and identification of viable financing mechanism for long-term monitoring. The outcomes showcased substantial progress, including the enhancement of DECR’s capacity in programme design and financial reporting, and the development of a Coral Reef Monitoring Programme. Notably, 53 unique indicators were devised for budgetary requests, and 13 feasible financing sources for coral reef monitoring were identified and assessed, significantly increasing DECR’s prowess in executing monitoring programmes, securing long-term funding, and showcasing the conservation value of TCI’s coral reefs.

Duration: 11 months

Scaling-up efforts to rehabilitate threatened coral communities using recruits reared from wild-caught gametes

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Description: The project focused on enhancing Caribbean coral reef persistence and recovery by refining coral propagation methods to improve recruitment and curb harmful algae growth, optimising out planting for cost-effective and scalable restoration. Field testing demonstrated the efficacy of refined tile designs in supporting ex-situ coral offspring growth. Recognising the urgency of active restoration in declining reefs, the project investigated various tile materials and shapes’ impact on benthic communities, evaluating their suitability for coral settlement and post-settlement survival, resulting in the creation of numerous new designs. Capacity-building workshops expanded the network of reef restoration institutions across the Caribbean, facilitating restoration using sexually produced recruits. Over 3,000 coral settlers from 5 species were outplanted with 750 offspring surviving at the study’s conclusion, significantly reinforcing larval recruitment. Collaboration with engineering and 3D printing specialists enabled progress in printing techniques for intricate shapes, advancing the project’s restoration capabilities.

Duration: 24 months

Restoration of Key Biodiversity Areas of St. Maarten

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Description: The project aimed to enhance coastal and terrestrial biodiversity by reintroducing native trees in degraded areas across St. Maarten, fostering carbon sequestration, and engaging citizen scientists, particularly students. It targeted three distinct sites – Little Key (mangrove wetland), Sentry Hill (dry forest), and Cay Bay (coastal scrub). Activities included site assessment, invasive species removal, native species plantation using innovative methods, continuous site monitoring, and volunteer recruitment. Notably, it restored 5,700 m2 of habitat, planting 413 native seedlings and 249 red mangrove propagules, boosting species diversity by 10 (40%) at Cat Bay and 11 (26%) at Sentry Hill. Approximately 500 m2 of invasive plants were cleared, formal agreements were secured for long-term site management, and a Best Practices document was developed. Engaging 1,253 participants, including 50 individuals and 16 organisations, the initiative facilitated 435 volunteer days and educational sessions, nurturing skills in botany, restoration ecology, and conservation. It culminated in a nature trail establishment, strengthening NGO-community sites, and advocating for protected areas.

Duration: 9 months

North Saba National Park Phase 1

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Description: The project aimed to protect Saba’s northern biodiversity and archaeological sites through the establishment of a 350-hectare national park, including Mt. Scenery, integrating natural, cultural, and historical elements for sustainable tourism. The project entailed drafting legislation for species protection, devising a management plan, and renovating the access trail to Mary’s Point, a historical settlement, to illustrate sustainable park usage. Information sessions engaged stakeholders and the public, fostering awareness and participation, while informative materials like brochures and panels were designed for visitor education. The restoration of the trail showcased the sustainable preservation of ruins while upgrading specific features. Staff underwent specialised training in trail renovation and archaeological site conservation. Overall, the project successfully laid the foundation for species protection laws, national park establishment, and the promotion of sustainable tourism by harmonising natural and cultural heritage, thus contributing to safeguarding the biodiversity and historical richness of Saba’s northern region.

Duration: 18 months

RESCQ – Restoration of Ecosystem Services and Coral Reef Quality

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Description: The project aimed to restore degraded coral reef areas across 4 islands by establishing autonomous coral nurseries and relocating coral fragments to specified restoration sites. Its primary objective involved restoring a minimum of 100 colonies each of Elkhorn (Acropora palmata) and Staghorn (Acropora cervicornis) corals per site, employing genetic profiling and continuous monitoring to ensure diversity and transplant resilient fragments. Key milestones included initiating meetings setting up one nursery and restoration site per island and expanding nurseries by adding five additional colonies. The project produced a comprehensive manual of coral restoration and management protocols. Each island now maintains coral nurseries and transplant sites sustained through donations and local revenue, supported by a new Dutch programme aiding the Caribbean Netherlands’ coral restoration endeavours. Adaptation during the project favoured prioritising Elkhorn coral restoration in hurricane-prone regions due to its stronger resilience against storms, while acknowledging the difficulty in sourcing Staghorn coral colonies, prompting flexible strategies based on species abundance and environmental conditions.

Duration: 36 months

Management of invasive lionfish hotspots: conservation of biodiversity on mesophotic coral ecosystems in Bermuda

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Description: The project’s core objective was to conserve indigenous reef fish diversity by specifically targeting the invasive lionfish population concentrated in Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems (MCEs) at depths ranging from 10 to 60 metres. This initiative meticulously established a baseline for native reef fish and mitigated lionfish feeding pressure through monthly removal dives, significantly reducing lionfish abundance compared to initial assessments. These efforts involved rigorous surveys across 3 MCE hotspots, providing comprehensive insights into fish community composition and lionfish density. Simultaneously, the project focused on fostering the incorporation of lionfish into local markets as a sustainable food source, solidifying partnerships with three vendors – a crucial step toward broader market penetration. Successful technical dives, totalling 15 removal operations, were executed regularly, and agreements were formalised with vendors, comprising two restaurants and one supermarket, ensuring consistent availability of lionfish. Through extensive outreach campaigns, the project effectively disseminated its findings to local stakeholders and other Overseas Countries and Territories, fostering collaborative relationships to amplify the project’s impact across the region.

Duration: 18 months

Saving the sea turtles of Anguilla: combining community action with scientific evidence to drive legislative change

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Description: A comprehensive project was executed to advance the scientific understanding of sea turtles, aiming to enhance their conservation and management. Activities included assessing foraging and breeding areas, identifying population status and threats, and formulating effective mitigation plans. This initiative aimed to strengthen conservation actions by designing recovery plans and instituting an eco-tour guide certification program while educating local staff and the public on sea turtle biology, tracking, and marine spatial planning. In Anguilla, the Hawksbill, Green, Loggerhead, and Leatherback sea turtles utilise coral reefs, seagrass beds, beaches, and coastal regions for nesting and foraging, playing crucial roles as ecological indicators. Accomplishments encompassed habitat identification, threat analysis, and the development of mitigation strategies, alongside deploying 22 satellite tags, tagging 97 turtles, excavating 97 nests, and conducting extensive interviews. These efforts informed policy briefs, recovery plans, and a collaborative regional initiative with WIDECAST and partner agencies, fostering knowledge exchange among neighbouring Caribbean islands while reinforcing support for sea turtle and coastal conservation.

Duration: 36 months

Marine Park Aruba

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Description: The Aruba project aimed to establish a comprehensive multi-use marine park by implementing legislation and structuring long-term management. It involved the development of specific laws, the creation of a management framework, and the execution of 4 distinct projects focusing on ecosystem restoration and climate resilience across designated Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) within the park. Each KBA had its tailored management plan, emphasizing ecosystem maintenance, restoration, biodiversity, and climate adaptation strategies. Integral to the project was a strategic communication plan to increase awareness and foster ownership of these areas. This initiative successfully established a marine park encompassing Parke National Arikok, Spaans Lagoen, Sero Colorado, and Magel Halto – Isla di Oro, with enacted legislation, an adopted management plan, and restoration strategies in place. Collaborative efforts involving local dive operators and volunteers facilitated comprehensive inventory surveys, garnering significant community support. About 25% of Aruba’s coastline was protected through the creation of 4 Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), specifically targeting high biodiversity zones for conservation while emphasizing tailored stakeholder engagement to align with community interests for increased efficiency in future projects.

Duration: 36 months

AGRISUB – Organic farming substrates for the sustainable use of natural resources, carbon sequestration and the control of invasive species

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Description: The project aimed to mitigate agricultural impacts on coral reefs caused by erosion and sedimentation by introducing alternative cultivation substrates. Recent research findings indicating the benefits of compost and biochar in improving crop yields and soil carbon storage prompted the utilisation of invasive plant biomass for their production, showcasing their technical and economic viability. The project’s core activities involved inventorying invasive plant species, harvesting their biomass, creating compost and biochar, and testing diverse substrates to enhance agricultural yields and carbon sequestration. Through this initiative, 6 hectares of invasive species were repurposed, yielding 2.2 tons of biochar and 6 tons of compost. Notably, soil carbon content increased by an average of 975g C/m2 per cultivation cycle. Additionally, the project empowered 10 farmers through training sessions led by DAG technicians in biological agriculture techniques. Leveraging invasive species, this project effectively demonstrated the sustainable production of substrates, aiming to minimise coral reef harm from conventional farming practices.

Duration: 12 months

RECOFOR: Regulation of deer for the Conservation of Forests

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Description: The project aimed to manage the long-term deer population effectively. Consulting locals and employing helicopter interventions, previously proven successful, facilitated a significant reduction in invasive deer within a regulated 4,000-hectare zone. This initiative not only achieved its immediate goal but also enhanced New Caledonia’s capacity for employing such control measures. The project focused on diverse aspects, including consultations with partners and tribes, meticulous operational planning, scaling down deer numbers, reinforcing skill sets, training in blind hunting, and conducting local awareness campaigns. Additionally, the initiative successfully trained eight hunting agents. Efforts extended beyond the Reserve’s borders to adjacent areas, aligning with the management plan and ensuring effective deer regulation. Recommendations highlighted the need for improved note-taking methods to prevent counting biases and emphasized professional development for officers, particularly in refining culling techniques, dog handling, and maintenance, thus contributing to a more environmentally sustainable approach.

Duration: 12 months

Restoration of small watersheds on the plateau of Te Mehani rahi

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Description: The project aimed to restore the unique vegetation of Te Mehani plateau’s small watershed slopes (less than 10 hectares) on Raiatea Island, situated at an altitude of more than 600 m and housing 33 endemic plants threatened by invasive species. It involved surveying, invasive plant control, establishing a native plant nursery, and public awareness campaigns to protect biodiversity. Spanning 10.46 hectares, the restoration focused on eradicating invasive plants and replanting essential species on degraded sites. Key phases included initial site assessment, invasive plant management, native plant enrichment, and extensive outreach efforts, fostering local partnerships. Notably, within 8 months, the project cleared 8.8 hectares of invasive plants, safeguarding 82% of a watershed and contributing to the conservation of 18 endangered endemic plants. This initiative significantly improved the conservation status of the area and the biodiversity of the Te Mehani plateau. Furthermore, the project enhanced financial systems, organisational structures, and local collaborations.

Duration: 12 months

Development of the network of Educational Managed Marine Areas in five schools of French Polynesia

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Description: The project focused on expanding the Educational Managed Marine Areas (EMMAs) network by establishing EMMAs in 5 new schools within the Tuamotu Archipelago. It involved characterising initial ecological states, providing teaching materials, engaging students in scientific learning, and employing diverse communication strategies. Successfully integrating 5 schools into the EMMA network enhanced local understanding of marine environments by involving young students. Key accomplishments involved initiating fish and invertebrate inventories within the 5 EMMA locations, dedicating over 50 hours to EMMA-related school activities, launching a new call for marine educational areas in 2018, and planning joint training sessions for teachers and EMMA representatives by the Ministry of Education, ensuring the project’s sustainability and long-term impact.

Duration: 12 months

Safeguarding the rare and threatened Birds of Ua Huka

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard Ua Huka Island’s biodiversity by empowering local organisations and implementing measures to protect two endangered bird species from the invasive black rat. The initiative focused on preventing rat arrival through poison stations at entry points, utilising rat-detecting canines for sea freight, and raising awareness among locals and students. Efforts involved assessing bird species status, knowledge transfer, biosecurity training, and diverse awareness campaigns. Strategies encompassed installing information panels on sister islands, a design contest promoting bird protection, black rat eradication, vegetation mapping on Ua Huka, and a rare bird census. With a dedicated team of dog handlers, an efficient office assistant, and comprehensive actions, the project strengthened the association’s capacity. The ultimate success lies in enabling the local association to sustain and expand the island’s bird protection program, ensuring the conservation of these classified avian species.

Duration: 12 months

Saving the endangered flora of the raised Anaa atoll and the definition of priority areas for conservation based on the flora and fauna

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard Anaa Atoll’s endangered flora by managing natural populations and preserving crucial conservation areas. It involved assessing endangered plant populations, reintroducing nursery-raised plants, and planning the reintroduction of a fruit-disseminating green pigeon. Discussions with landowners and authorities shaped management proposals for vital conservation sites. These efforts aimed to enhance the atoll’s natural heritage, strengthening resilience and fostering sustainable eco-tourism. Key achievements encompassed enhanced conservation status for over two-thirds of endangered plant species, aiding the atoll’s resilience against climate change and facilitating eco-tourism. Activities included biodiversity surveys, nursery refurbishment, defining conservation areas, formulating management strategies, and public awareness campaigns. Outcomes featured improved organisational capacity for project management and funding acquisition, along with stakeholders gaining valuable skills. The initiative notably upgraded the conservation status of 8 out of 10 species, identified 6 priority conservation areas covering 401.7 hectares, replanted 337 nursery-grown plants among the 859 produces, drafted a green pigeon reintroduction plan submitted to DIREN, and successfully established a botanical trail. The project showcased effective collaboration between national researchers and the local community, driven by the continuous efforts of a dedicated local civil society organisation.

Duration: 12 months

Tukemaragai – Ecological restoration of the small islands of the South-east Gambier

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Description: The project aimed to rejuvenate habitats and birdlife on Gambier’s three islands, combating erosion and invasive plants. It established a nursery for native species adaptable to hard conditions, facilitating reforestation of eroded and invaded areas to enhance soil fertility and lagoon water quality. Sound devices and artificial bird burrows were deployed to aid the return of rare species, potentially fostering bird-related eco-tourism. Targeting Gambier Manui, Kamaka, and Makaroa islets, objectives encompassed habitat restoration, reforestation, and promoting marine bird nesting. Key actions involved setting up forest plantations on affected sites, augmenting breeding seabird populations, and raising community awareness, especially among landowners, about preserving the islets’ natural richness. Educational programs engaged schools in exploring Gambier’s avifauna and flora, while training sessions equipped locals with ecological restoration and sustainable environmental management skills. Overall, the project’s interventions, from plantations to sound equipment installations and artificial burrows, significantly revived avifauna habitats on the islets, highlighting ecosystem fragility and human responsibility toward environmental stewardship while underscoring the importance of adaptability, geography, and local economy in executing such initiatives.

Duration: 20 months

Conservation of the critically endangered Niau Kingfisher through the local community

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Description: Focused on conserving the critically endangered Niau Kingfisher exclusive to the Niau atoll, this project implemented measures to increase the species’ population. Activities involved controlling cat populations, monitoring their impact, engaging the local community in adopting eco-friendly agricultural practices, revising the Niau Kingfisher Action Plan (2014-2018), and receiving expert support for predator control actions. Remarkable outcomes ensued, including a 91% survival rate for Niau Kingfisher chicks in controlled areas, a substantial 95% decrease in cat activity following the capture of 49 feral cats, sterilisation of 75% of domestic cats, and protection of 100 Niau Kingfisher nest sites. Additionally, approximately 20% of farmers, covering 29 hectares of land, embraced sustainable agricultural practices. Notably, the project improved organisational capacities for funding applications and project management, trained project coordinators, and heightened awareness among 187 residents, including school children, effectively updating the management plan for the critically endangered Niau Kingfisher with expert guidance.

Duration: 18 months

Sustainable management of Wallis and Futuna’s forests

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Description: The Wallis Forest initiative aimed to advance conservation, management, and sustainable use. It entailed establishing a comprehensive forest inventory with a monitoring system and land use mapping, defining conservation strategies through local consultations, piloting rehabilitation in degraded secondary forests by planting seedlings, and developing a management plan and forest policy. Collaboration with customary chiefs and authorities designated three pilot sites in key biodiversity areas, effectively engaging villages in rehabilitation efforts. Accomplishments involved creating a forest inventory with 26 permanent monitoring plots, identifying three pilot sites, restoring 4 hectares, replanting 1,600 plants, and clearing over 3 hectares of invasive species. Additionally, the project propagated seedlings from two nurseries, drafted a forest policy framework, and created an action plan aligned with the chiefdom’s calendar. Capacity-building efforts included training individuals in inventory design, enhancing technical knowledge, engaging participants in workshops, instructing nursery workers, and educating teachers on climate change’s forest impact.

Duration: 18 months

Strengthening the drinking water supply system of the Houailou commune by maintaining the ecosystem services of the upstream water catchment

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Description: The project focused on safeguarding the upstream catchment supplying water to the Houailou commune, ensuring a steady provision of safe drinking water and forest ecosystem services. Fences and barriers secured the area, protecting infrastructure and managing interactions between humans and wildlife. Enhanced forest protection, reforestation efforts, and improved management strategies within the catchment area directly contributed to enhancing both the quality and quantity of water available. Two priority watersheds were targeted, significantly fortifying ecosystem services, particularly in clean water production. Key achievements included the immediate safeguarding of water catchment perimeters, improving forest ecosystem services, and empowering local communities. Training initiatives, in fascine creation and trapping techniques, elevated community capacity and resilience. Notably, this endeavour substantially initiated a broader water resource security programme led by Houailou City Council. Collaborative efforts with local tribes fostered positive alliances, providing valuable insights for future sustainability endeavours across 14 catchments.

Duration: 18 months

Conservation of the Natural Forest Remnants of Maraeti’a Plateau, Punaruu Valley, Tahiti

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Description: The Maraeti’a plateau restoration initiative aimed to safeguard native plant species from invasive threats. Utilising raticide, traps, and fencing, the project targeted invasive mammals and plants, specifically controlling rat populations impacting endemic flora. This intervention indirectly supported native plant conservation by improving seedling recruitment. Monitoring tools like poison stations, quadrats, and local training in rodent control strategies bolstered these efforts. Successful measures resulted in an 80% reduction in rat abundance over 20 hectares and a 35% decrease in fruit attacks, safeguarding native seeds. While the full impact on seedling recruitment required more time for assessment, sustained rodent control efforts post-BEST 2.0 funding was planned to ensure continuous conservation measures.

Duration: 16 months

Innovative and sustainable water management: optimising agricultural irrigation

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Description: An innovative irrigation technology was trialled across three pilot sites to enhance sustainable organic agricultural production and conserve water resources. The project successfully identified site-specific needs, secured farmer commitment, monitored and measured performance, and demonstrated a swift return on investment from the initial harvest. Within three months, the project effectively doubled production while eliminating the necessity for manual watering systems, showcasing a remarkable tenfold in water-saving capacity. This success established a replicable business model crucial for addressing irrigation challenges amplified by climate change and droughts in the Pacific region. Consequently, this model significantly contributes to enhancing food self-sufficiency in New Caledonia and neighbouring Pacific islands.

Duration: 12 months

Strengthening the local capacity to protect the terrestrial natural heritage of Rimatara

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Description: The project aimed to protect the island from black rat invasion, safeguarding endemic birds, trees, and crops. Teams underwent training to inspect goods, utilising detector dogs and implementing mitigation strategies like rat stations. This effort resulted in enhanced biosecurity measures, successful incursion tests, and the development of reliable bird population estimation methods. The project engaged the community by training inhabitants in dog biosecurity, protecting 100 nests, and geo-referencing 459 trees, involving 1,000 locals in conservation efforts. Notably, it drafted two bird protection plans and delineated three reserve areas. It also facilitated collaborations for eco-tourism activities, establishing partnerships with local guesthouses and schools. Additionally, the project diversified funding sources, ensuring sustainability and exemplifying its impact by increasing membership and fostering lasting alliances with stakeholders, contributing significantly to the island’s biodiversity conservation and strengthening its resilience against invasive species.

Duration: 12 months

Strengthening conservation measures and tools for threatened conifers and palms of the rainforests and scrubland of New Caledonia

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard five palm and conifer species including their habitats through a comprehensive strategy. This involved enhancing capacity for both in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods, developing a practical guideline for conserving these species, establishing germination protocols for three species, and equipping nurseries with efficient irrigation systems. Four fully operational nurseries were set up functioning under a “Charter for Nurseries for the Conservation of Rare and Endemic Species.” It enabled a successful pilot restoration activity covering one hectare. Additionally, recognition tools were created and disseminated to counter the illegal trade of the targeted species, with training provided to customs and forestry officers for species identification. Efforts were made to raise public awareness, ensuring the long-term sustainability of the project by promoting conservation practices. The project’s success was attributed to an integrated participatory approach and the strategic involvement of key stakeholders from its initiation.

Duration: 16 months

FLORE NC: Preserving the floristic heritage of New Caledonia

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard New Caledonia’s most endangered terrestrial flora species by establishing two priority species lists based on a 2014 IUCN Red List assessment, and integrating these species into provincial environmental codes and CITES annex-listed species. Workshops, mapping of threatened species, local initiatives, and a public awareness campaign were key elements to support conservation efforts. The outcomes were substantial as the priority species lists, included 277 species for conservation, and identified 37 plants threatened by harvesting and illegal trade. The mapping identified 264 species at risk from bushfires and the Environmental Code’s protected species list was updated. Partnerships with local institutions strengthened technical capabilities, and enhanced communication logistics increasing outreach. The project significantly advanced the protection of endangered flora and increased decision-makers’ awareness of threats and respective conservation measures.

Duration: 16 months

Biodiversity and sustainable management of the marine and coastal environment and related resources in the context of climate change in Wallis and Futuna

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Description: The project aimed to enhance climate resilience and reduce forest fragmentation in coastal ecosystems by sustainably managing and protecting mangroves. Initial steps involved inventorying mangrove areas, establishing six nurseries, and restoring mangroves through clean-up campaigns and tree planting. Moreover, a legal framework was developed for mangrove protection and coastal zone management. Capacity building efforts engaged 60 villagers in nursery operations to produce over 10,000 propagules and 8 in mangrove plantation to rehabilitate 2,500 m2. Ten teachers were trained for educational trips. The conservation success was attributed to robust community involvement and the identification of key individuals within resource-constrained villages.

Duration: 18 months

BIOPELAGOS – Biodiversity of oceanic pelagic ecosystems for a better conservation and management of outstanding natural areas

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Description: The project empowered New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna’s decision-making on oceanic biodiversity management. It provided substantial data for conservation and management, identifying target conservation areas, strengthening spatial planning, and informing regional tuna stock management. Assessments of climate change impacts, ocean health and ecosystem modelling aided in understanding future ecosystem changes and resilience strategies. Further activities included cruises, seabird surveys, DNA barcoding, megafauna datasets, and biodiversity analysis. The project significantly impacted biodiversity conservation and sustainable ecosystem use, fostering collaboration with government stakeholders and civil society. Training workshops and collaborations with experienced management agencies empowered local authorities and civil society organisations within and beyond the territories, achieving extensive outreach.

Duration: 36 months

Protecting and restoring the coastal dry forest of New Caledonia

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Description: The completed coastal dry forest restoration project in New Caledonia aimed at protecting a 400-hectare area from introduced herbivores and identifying optimal zones for restoration. It prioritised crucial sites – the Déva domain and the Pindaï peninsula – shielding these areas from ungulates like deer and employing advanced restoration techniques such as optimised planting density and mulching. Exchange visits and coordinated meetings with local and international partners were organised by the Dry Forest Pole to disseminate these successful practices. Achievements include safeguarding 300 hectares of dry forest, restoring 15 hectares, and protecting a potential 100-hectare restoration area. Experimentation with innovative methods in previously grazed zones successfully showcased the ‘ex-nihilo plot’ dry forest restoration and ecological connectivity. The latter culminated in a comprehensive booklet on restoration methods, contributing significantly to community awareness regarding the critical need for restoring and protecting the ecosystem.

Duration: 36 months

COPRA – Conservation and integrated management of phanerogam seagrass meadows in the Glorieuses Marine Nature Park and their functional role for marine turtle populations

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Description: The project was centred on the preservation of marine phanerogam seagrass beds to uphold biodiversity and sustain marine turtle populations within the Glorieuses Marine Nature Park (PNMG). Building upon initial studies that mapped seagrass distribution and highlighted their significance as habitats for juvenile green turtles, the objectives encompassed: increasing comprehension of seagrass habitats and their role in supporting marine turtles for informed management strategies; launching a regional seagrass monitoring network; and fortifying seagrass ecosystem conservation and PNMG’s management plan. It stemmed from prior research delineating seagrass distribution and its importance as a habitats for juvenile green turtles within the park. The inaugural regional herbarium network workshop identified training and equipment needs for stakeholders in adjacent territories. The project significantly strengthened knowledge acquisition, enabling the proposal of tailored management measures for effective seagrass conservation.

Duration: 28 months

Saving the two most threatened bird species in French Polynesia from extinction

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Description: The project aimed to safeguard the Fatu Hiva Monarch and Tahiti Monarch, endemic bird species facing extinction. Conservation strategies included controlling predation threats, monitoring populations, and developing a Species Action Plan for 2018-2023. Communication efforts engaged 750 volunteers in restoration activities to plant over 1,000 native trees across 8 hectares. Notable outcomes include a 10-11% increase in adult bird populations, with improved reproductive success (0.83-1.33) and expanded ranges (32-50%). Juvenile survival rates (88-94%) and biosecurity practices were enhanced; that is, feral cat control was doubled to 585 hectares, black rat predation was decreased and fire ant colonisation was reduced by 85%. Additionally, 10 hectares were cleared of invasive species while a sustainable management charter for 3 invasive alien species was established.

Duration: 28 months

Pacific Biodiversity Blue Belt

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Description: This initiative focused on enhancing integrated ocean management and marine biodiversity conservation in the Pacific OCTs, including New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna, French Polynesia, and Pitcairn Islands. Key objectives include aiding in the implementation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), integrating surveillance technology, developing ecotourism practices, and supporting locally-appropriate methodologies for MPA design through Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) and Strategic Regional Analysis. The project achieved substantial milestones in strengthening ocean management and marine biodiversity conservation across the region. Noteworthy accomplishments encompassed supporting the Coral Sea Nature Park’s management plan drafting in New Caledonia, funding public consultations, and hosting workshops that convened stakeholders from 18 countries. It facilitated coordination among government services, providing training in MSP and emphasising regional and multi-sectoral approaches in MPA management. Additionally, efforts extended to establishing coastal and underwater trails to promote environmental education and sustainable ecotourism practices, all aimed at ensuring coherent, safe, and sustainable human activities in maritime spaces.

Duration: 31 months

Hei Moana, Ocean Sentinels

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Description: The project focused on increasing local awareness about endangered marine life and ecosystems by equipping the community with skills for active involvement in observing and gathering data. It adapted the “Hei Moana” educational kit for various audiences, targeting marine turtles, mammals, and coral reefs, offering tailored training sessions and animations. Activities encompassed turtle recognition, marine mammal data collection, eco-tourism-linked observations, and raising awareness about coral reef threats, culminating in the establishment of a participatory network for reef and sea level rise monitoring. Successfully raising awareness among diverse local groups, the initiative reached thousands in public events and trained 250 eco-sentinels. Notably, it instigated a shift towards eco-responsibility and community engagement, fostering a citizen science approach using the “Hei Moana” kit for species identification among non-experts. Moreover, the project highlighted the effectiveness of group discussions, especially with elderly individuals and fishermen, emphasizing its capacity-building impact and community involvement in marine conservation efforts.

Duration: 12 months

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